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Year 12 · Counting & Number

Modulus and argument of complex numbers

A complex number has a real part and an imaginary part: a + bi, where i² = −1.

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How to do it

  1. Add or subtract: combine real parts and imaginary parts separately.
  2. Multiply: expand like brackets and replace i² with −1.
  3. Modulus: √(a² + b²). Argument: the angle from the positive real axis.

Worked example

What is the modulus |z| of z = 2-2i?
|z| = √(re² + im²) = √(2² + -2²) = 2√2.
Answer: 2√2

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i² is −1, not 1.

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